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An Essay on the Life and Genius of Samuel Johnson
''An Essay on the Life and Genius of Samuel Johnson, LL. D.'' was written by Arthur Murphy and published in 1792. The work serves as a biography of Samuel Johnson and an introduction to his works included in the volume. Murphy also wrote a biography for Henry Fielding in a 1762 edition of his ''Works'' and a biography for David Garrick, the ''Life of David Garrick'', in 1801.
==Background==
Murphy first met Johnson during the summer of 1754.〔Bate 1977 p. 322〕 Murphy was working on the ''Gray's-Inn Journal'' and, after discovering that a French article that they wanted to print was actually a translation of Johnson's ''Rambler'' No. 190, came to Johnson to apologize for his error.〔 The two soon became friends, and Murphy began to tell the story many times later.〔 Murphy was also friends with Henry Thrale and Hester Thrale, and spent time with all three.〔Lane 1975 p. 171〕
After Johnson died and John Hawkins published his ''Life of Samuel Johnson'', Arthur Murphy began to attack the work.〔Davis 1961 p. xiv〕 He used a ''Monthly Review'' piece to criticize the legalistic language employed by Hawkins to claim "that he is now rendered an incompetent critic thereby, and in consequence thereof".〔''Monthly Review'' July 1787 p. 68〕
It was first published in 1792 as a prefix to a 12 volumes octavo edition that included Johnson's ''Works''.〔Hill 1897 p. 353〕 This was done in a similar manner to Hawkins work which was prefixed to an eleven volume edition of Johnson's ''Works''.〔Hill 1897 p. 357〕 Murphy, at the beginning of his essay, claims, "The proprietors of Johnson's Works thought () life, which they prefixed to their former edition, too unwieldy for republication".〔Murphy 1897 p. 356-357〕 Murphy was paid 300 pounds for the ''Essay''.〔
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